Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. (0.4 point)
Question 1: A few persevering climbers finally reached the top despite the strong cold winds.
A. record-breaking B. long-lasting C. well-organized D. weak-willed
Question 2: She sees cleaning as a pointless exercise since everything is going to get dirty again.
A. painful B. useful C. cheerful D. harmful
Choose the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. (1.0 point)
Question 3: The pilot was forced to make an emergent landing not long after take-off after a problem was detected in an engine.
A. an engine B. a problem C. The pilot D. an emergent
Question 4: The chart shows a number of Internet users in Amsterdam, the capital city of the Netherlands, from 2005 to 2020.
A. to B. the Netherlands C. a number D. in Amsterdam
Question 5: The government requested that local authorities clear all slums and supported migrants in finding low-cost housing.
A. supported B. in C. low-cost D. The
Question 6: We can install energy-saving products like fans instead of air-conditioners which consumes a lot of energy.
A. instead of B. consumes C. like D. energy-saving
Question 7: When Singapore gained independence in 1965, Lee decided to keep English as the main language to increase economical benefits.
A. the main B. gained independence C. economical benefits D. to keep
Read the passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions. (1.2 points)
Have you got out of bed? Sat on a chair? Had your breakfast? Made a shopping list? Blown your nose into a tissue? Taken some medicine? Have you once looked around and made a list of things that have forest origin? Forests play a vital part in our daily lives in more ways than we can imagine.
Over 1.5 billion people rely on forests for livelihoods. Forests provide us with shelter, livelihoods, water, food and fuel security. All of these activities directly or indirectly involve forests. Some are easy to figure out – fruits, paper and wood from trees, and so on. Others are less obvious, such as by-products that go into everyday items like medicines, cosmetics and detergents.
We depend on forests for our survival, from the air we breathe to the wood we use. Forests provide ecosystem services that are critical to human welfare. They absorb harmful greenhouse gasses that produce climate change. They protect watersheds, prevent soil erosion and reduce the amount of chemicals that reach waterways. Forests serve as a buffer in natural disasters like flood and rainfalls and provide habitat to more than half of the world’s land-based species.
Yet, despite our dependence on forests, we are still allowing them to disappear. Between 1990 and 2020, the world lost some 178 million hectares of forests, an area the size of Libya. When we take away the forest, it is not just the trees that go. The entire ecosystem begins to fall apart, with dire consequences for all of us.
*(Adapted from wwf.panda.org)*
Question 8: Which serves as the main idea of the passage?
A. The complete loss of forests
B. Our independence of forests
C. The financial benefits of forests
D. Our strong reliance on forests
Question 9: The word “critical” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. analytical
B. important
C. difficult
D. dangerous
Question 10: The word “that” in paragraph 3 refers to ______.
A. forests
B. watersheds
C. ecosystem services
D. greenhouse gasses
Question 11: According to paragraph 3, over 50% of land-based species rely on forests for ______.
A. places to live
B. medicines to survive
C. natural disasters
D. flood and rainfalls
Question 12: The word “dire” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. spectacular
B. serious
C. social
D. limited
Question 13: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Forests will be wiped out in the next century.
B. Trees are disappearing because of climate change.
C. Many important products are made from wood.
D. Everybody relies on forests for their livelihoods.
—
Choose the word(s) SIMILAR in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. (0.4 point)
Question 14: His employees worshipped him for his kindness and leadership, and he responded by showing a genuine concern for their welfare.
A. begged
B. sacrificed
C. prayed
D. admired
Question 15: After completing a difficult project, they produced a thorough report to help any of their colleagues through similar situations.
A. manufacture
B. tried
C. wrote
D. cancelled
Choose the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation. (0.6 point)
Question 16:
A. installed
B. subscribed
C. occurred
D. worshipped
Question 17:
A. absorbs
B. clutters
C. presents
D. achieves
Question 18:
A. function
B. tutor
C. custom
D. culture
Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions. (3.6 points)
Question 19: It is essential that your child ______ problem-solving skills.
A. has
B. has had
C. had
D. have
Question 20: As it was getting ______, she was not home yet and was feeling ______.
A. darker and darker / more and more tired
B. dark and darker / more tired and tired
C. more dark and dark / tired more and more
D. more and more dark / tired and more tired
Question 21: He was playing ______ outside while she was practising ______ inside.
A. the tennis / violin
B. tennis / the violin
C. the tennis / a violin
D. a tennis / a violin
Question 22: Donna ______ a hundred books this month.
A. had read
B. has read
C. has been reading
D. has been read
Question 23: Even the smallest baby can ______ its mother by her voice.
A. identical
B. identifier
C. identify
D. identify
Question 24: The city centre is quite lively during the day, ______ it is totally dead at night.
A. during
B. or
C. but
D. because
Question 25: You have a brilliant suggestion, ______ it will save us from these problems.
A. but
B. yet
C. however
D. and
Question 26: Choose the pair of words that are NOT homophones.
A. buy / bye
B. berry / bury
C. hit / heat
D. flour / flower
Question 27: Grandpa has becoming quite ______. Perhaps he will not be able to remember the way back home one day.
A. absent-minded
B. white-toothed
C. thick-skinned
D. self-educated
Question 28: Eye colour was traditionally described as a single gene trait, with brown eyes being ______ over blue eyes.
A. dominant
B. dominance
C. dominate
D. dominantly
Question 29: The story was so ______ that most people burst into tears.
A. easygoing
B. heartbreaking
C. long-lasting
D. sweet-smelling
Question 30: She ______ her room for hours and it is still in a mess.
A. had tidied
B. tidies
C. has been tidied
D. has been tidying
Question 31: Cigarettes are harmful, highly ______, and aggressively marketed to young people.
A. addictive
B. addicted
C. addiction
D. addictively
Question 32: He ______ too late to see his friend, who ______ already.
A. had arrived / dies
B. arrived / has died
C. arrived / had died
D. had arrived / died
Question 33: The opening ceremony was attended by a number of ______ guests.
A. distinguishes
B. distinguish
C. distinguished
D. distinguishing
Question 34: You need a sharp knife to cut the onion into ______ slices.
A. paper-thin
B. fast-growing
C. meat-free
D. fast-running
Question 35: ______ need to be well taken care of by their children and grandchildren.
A. An old person
B. The old person
C. The old
D. Old person
Question 36: Water samples taken from streams were ______ for contamination by chemicals.
A. analytical
B. analysed
C. analytically
D. analysis
Choose the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress. (0.6 point)
Question 37:
A. private
B. detailed
C. massive
D. unique
Question 38:
A. separate
B. hesitate
C. interact
D. diagnose
Question 39:
A. perseverance
B. revolution
C. entertainment
D. agriculture
Read the passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. (1.2 points)
Clues at ancient lake site reveal earliest known cooked meal
The shift from eating raw to cooked food was a dramatic turning point in human evolution, and the discovery has suggested prehistoric humans were able to deliberately (40)______ fires to cook food at least 780,000 years ago.
The detailed study of fish teeth unearthed at the Gesher Benot Ya’aqov site, situated on the edge of the ancient lake Hula, Israel, revealed that some of our early ancestors – most likely Homo erectus – were able to cook fish, said study author Dr. Irit Zohar, (41)______ at Tel Aviv University’s Steinhardt Museum of Natural History.
No human remains had been found at the site, but the stone tools were the same (42)______ those found at Homo erectus sites across Africa. Zohar said the lake would have been shallow, and it might have been easy to catch large fish like the extinct Luciobarbus longicep, which could grow up to two metres, by hand.
The shift to eating cooked meals meant humans (43)______ less energy on the intensive work of searching for and digesting fresh, raw food, freeing up more time in which to develop new social and behavioral systems.
It has been suggested that the consumption of meat (44)______ to the increase in relative brain size of our early Homo ancestors, but bacteria make the consumption of uncooked meat a risky business. Cooking, however, kills bacteria and increases the energetic value of meat – thereby creating a new, (45)______ food source.
*(Adapted from edition.cnn.com)*
Question 40:
A. put
B. construct
C. make
D. produce
Question 41:
A. researcher
B. a researcher
C. the researchers
D. researchers
Question 42:
A. as
B. alike
C. likely
D. like
Question 43:
A. used
B. lacked
C. saved
D. stored
Question 44:
A. influenced
B. led
C. affected
D. explained
Question 45:
A. addicted
B. infectious
C. dependable
D. unhealthy
Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. (1.0 point)
Question 46: Anne said to Bean, “Were I you, I’d learn English every single day.”
A. Ann suggested that Bean had learned English daily.
B. Ann advised that Bean learn English each day.
C. Ann urged that Bean learned English every day.
D. Ann insisted Bean learn English every other day.
Question 47: As her lessons became increasingly hard, she tried harder than ever.
A. She tried to be more difficult but her lessons became more challenging.
B. Her lessons became hard and harder although she never tried harder.
C. Her lessons got more and more difficult and she tried more and more.
D. She did not feel at ease as her lessons were more and more demanding.
Question 48: In 2021, ninety per cent of the students borrowed books from the library.
A. In 2021, three quarters of the students borrowed books from the library.
B. In 2021, four-fifths of the students borrowed books from the library.
C. In 2021, a majority of the students borrowed books from the library.
D. In 2021, the number of books borrowed from the library was minimal.
Question 49: From 2015 to 2020, there was a sharp increase in his salary.
A. From 2015 to 2020, his salary fluctuated.
B. From 2015 to 2020, his salary increased steadily.
C. From 2015 to 2020, his salary rose sharply.
D. From 2015 to 2020, his salary remained stable.
Question 50: Climate changes affect crops. This leads to food shortages.
A. Climate changes affect crops, caused by food shortages.
B. Climate changes affect crops, which creates food shortages.
C. Climate changes affect crops, which lead to food shortages.
D. Climate changes affect crops worsened by food shortages.
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