## I/ PHẦN TRẮC NGHIỆM
### Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
**Question 1.** It’s possible that she didn’t hear what I said.
A. She might have not heard what I said.
B. She may not hear what I said.
C. She might not hear what I said.
D. She may not have heard what I said
### Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
**Question 2.** You are spending money recklessly. Others are saving.
A. You are spending money recklessly, or others are saving.
B. You are spending money recklessly, but others are saving.
C. You are spending money recklessly, so others are saving.
D. You are spending money recklessly, for others are saving.
### Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that needs correction.
**Question 3.** It is imperative that a graduate student maintains a grade point average of “B” in his major field.
A. It is
B. maintains
C. his
D. of
**Question 4.** Farm living has always been susceptible to unpredictable environment conditions, and in times of drought, flood or pestilence, survival may become extremely problematic.
A. environment
B. problematic
C. susceptible
D. pestilence
### Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
**Question 5.**
A. prestige
B. congestion
C. connect
D. harvest
**Question 6.**
A. realize
B. peace
C. rear
D. appear
### Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
**Question 7.** There are plenty of potential toxins still being ignored, with less than half of the 5,000 new chemicals widely dispersed throughout the environment since 1950.
A. immortal particles
B. safe matters
C. harmless compounds
D. poisonous substances
### Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put strains on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.
In developed countries such as the United States, Japan and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.
A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1,147 persons per sq. km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low-productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living.
At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq. km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world’s wealthiest nations.
High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth.
**Question 8.** The phrase “engage in” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. participate in
B. look into
C. give up
D. escape from
**Question 9.** Which of the following is given a definition in paragraph 1?
A. Overpopulation
B. Simple farming
C. Population density
D. Poverty
**Question 10.** Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on _______.
A. both population density and agricultural productivity
B. its high agricultural productivity
C. its population density only
D. population density in metropolitan areas
**Question 11.** The phrase “that number” in paragraph 1 refers to the number of _______.
A. people
B. resources
C. densities
D. countries
**Question 12.** In certain countries, large areas of land can only yield small amounts of food because _______.
A. there is an abundance of resources
B. there is no shortage of skilled labor
C. there is lack of mechanization
D. there are small numbers of laborers
### Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following sentences.
**Question 13.** At the end, everyone cleaned up the party room, _______ I had not expected before.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. what
**Question 14.** We had _______ dinner in a restaurant.
A. the
B. X (no article)
C. an
D. a
**Question 15.** Soot comes from the _______ combustion of fossil or other fuels.
A. incomplete
B. complete
C. completion
D. incompletion
**Question 16.** Due to dumping of sewage from factories in water bodies, water pollution often results _______ epidemics.
A. breakout
B. out breakings
C. breaking outs
D. outbreaks
**Question 17.** Unemployment and poverty force people to _______ in anti-social activities.
A. engage
B. oppose
C. include
D. take
**Question 18.** I suggest that John _______ the directions carefully before assembling the bicycle.
A. read
B. to read
C. reading
D. have read
**Question 19.** My brother _______ at the road when he _______ into a hole
A. wasn’t looking/ fell
B. wasn’t looking /was falling
C. didn’t look/ has fallen
D. won’t look/ fall
### Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
**SUSTAINABLE CITIES: A CLEANER FUTURE**
For the past few decades, there has been an urbanization trend around the world, where more and more people are moving to cities. Since 2009, the UN Habitat (20) _______ that over 3 million people are moving into cities every week. Urban areas have been an attractive destination for migrants in anticipation of finding a better job and a higher (21) _______ living.
While migrants contribute immensely to the economies of cities, ever-increasing populations raise issues of congestion, (22) _______ of resources, and increased pressure on waste management infrastructure, healthcare, and education. By 2050, it is estimated that 70% of the world’s population will live in cities which makes the concept of Sustainable Cities an efficient resolution to the growing population.
Therefore , Sustainable Cities have an essential role in the urbanization trend to improve residents lives by focusing on environmental initiatives and projects such as limiting CO2 gas emissions in the air, using renewable energy sources, or bringing awareness to environmental issues. With outdoor pollution killing over 3 million lives yearly, (23) _______, it is evident that urbanization can increase the environmental (24) _______ upon cities. Many cities around the world have redesigned their city planning strategies and commenced initiatives to target these issues directly.
**Question 20.**
A. estimates
B. claims
C. counts
D. expects
**Question 21.**
A. standard of
B. cost of
C. tax of
D. reason for
**Question 22.**
A. collection
B. distribution
C. solution
D. reputation
**Question 23.**
A. almost
B. mostly
C. the most
D. equally
**Question 24.**
A. affect
B. drawback
C. effect
D. cause
### Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
**Question 25.**
A. transformation
B. urbanization
C. population
D. revolution
**Question 26.**
A. delay
B. climate
C. deplete
D. remove
## II/ PHẦN TỰ LUẬN
### Rewrite these sentences as directed
1. We really must discuss this again.
It’s important that _______________________________________________________
2. We last saw each other nearly two years ago
We ___________________________________________________________________
### Rewrite these sentences, using relative clauses
He bought her flowers and diamond rings. This action made her fall in love with him.
_____________________________________________________________________
### Make compound sentences using the conjunctions in brackets
Your computer may go to sleep. It’s still consuming energy. (but)
_____________________________________________________________________
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